12/14/2023 0 Comments Bacteria shapes and function![]() Archaea and bacteria cannot reproduce sexually. Many eukaryotes also reproduce sexually, where a process called meiosis reduces the number of chromosome by half to produce haploid cells (typically called sperm or eggs), and then two haploid cells fuse to create a new organism. In contrast, eukaryotes reproduce asexually through mitosis, which includes additional steps for replicating and correctly dividing multiple chromosomes between two daughter cells. Archaea and Bacteria reproduce asexually through binary fission, a process where an individual cell reproduces its single chromosome and splits in two.(Note that DNA genomes are always composed of double-stranded DNA molecules, whether they are circular or linear chromosomes.) In contrast, many eukaryotes have multiple, linear chromosomes. Archaea and Bacteria generally have a single circular chromosome: a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid.Archaea and bacterial cells lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures unlike eukaryotes, archaea and bacteria do not have a nucleus separating their genetic material from the rest of the cell.In contrast, eukaryotes include both unicellular and multicellular organisms. Both Archaea and Bacteria are unicellular organisms.The information below was adapted from OpenStax Biology 22.2Īrchaea and Bacteria share a number of features with each other, but the are also distinct domains of life: Study Tip: It is suggested that you create a chart to compare and contrast the three domains of life as you read. The fossil record indicates that the first living organisms were prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea), and eukaryotes arose a billion years later. ![]() Both Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotes, single-celled microorganisms with no nuclei, and Eukarya includes us and all other animals, plants, fungi, and single-celled protists all Eukarya are organisms whose cells have nuclei to enclose their DNA apart from the rest of the cell.
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